Effect of Insulin on Metabolic Rate - Diabetes 19

Insulin action on carbohydrate metabolism (credit to basicmedicalkey)

It is fact that no different between diabetes patients and normal people in term of body metabolism (rate).

So, what is the different? Diabetes patients produce less insulin and the insulin is less effective, hence reduce metabolism.

Metabolism which relate to insulin effectiveness are:

- Carbohydrate metabolisms

- Lipid metabolisms

We talk about carbohydrate metabolism in this post. Insulin drive the rate of carbohydrate (glucose) metabolism differently in the various tissues, cells or organs.

Three important tissues or cells or organ are following:

1) Adipose tissue and muscle

2) Liver

3) Blood

Relationship between insulin resistance to

adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and the liver

(credit to Claria, J et al, 2011)

Insulin bring the glucose to enter into the adipose tissue and muscle. In case, low or no insulin, there is useless or no glucose transportation. Insulin causes cells to be able to take insulin efficiently.

Abundance of glucose in the blood could be stored in the liver by helping from insulin. The process called as glycogen synthesis.

Insulin able to decrease blood glucose level. Biologically, when glucose level decrease in the blood, pancreas stop insulin secretion.

Finally, without insulin, two things will happen:

- since cells not able to absorb glucose, they use fatty acids as alternative source of energy

- Neurons will use glucose from glycogen which stored in the liver 

# Previous posting:

- Does Intermittent Fasting Affect on Insulin Resistance? - Part 1 - Diabetes 16 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- Does Intermittent Fasting Affect on Insulin Resistance? - Part 2 - Diabetes 16 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- How Stress could Affect on Insulin Resistance? - Diabetes 17 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- Why Diabetes Type 2 Patients Need Insulin? - Diabetes 18 | Tanza Erlambang Update